CNA to LPN: How to Move Up to Licensed Practical Nurse

Becoming a licensed practical nurse (LPN), called a licensed vocational nurse (LVN) in California and Texas, is one of the most common next steps for CNAs. It takes about a year, and the median pay jumps by more than $20,000 a year. Here is how it works.

CNA vs LPN at a glance

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook and May 2025 wage data.

What LPNs do differently

LPNs work under registered nurses and doctors. Beyond the personal care CNAs give, LPNs typically monitor patients more closely, record health information, and do more clinical tasks. Exactly what an LPN may do, such as giving medications or starting IVs, depends on each state’s nurse practice act.

How long LPN school takes

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, a state-approved practical nursing program typically takes about 1 year. Programs are offered at community colleges and technical schools and lead to a certificate or diploma. Part-time programs take longer. Every program includes supervised clinical experience.

How your CNA helps

Your CNA gives you a real head start:

• Some programs require it. For example, Johnson County Community College in Kansas requires Kansas CNA certification by the first day of LPN classes, Craven Community College in North Carolina requires a listing on the state registry as a Nurse Aide I, and Sauk Valley Community College in Illinois requires an active CNA certificate.
• Some count it toward a career pathway. Chippewa Valley Technical College in Wisconsin lays out nursing assistant as the first step toward its practical nursing diploma.
• Clinical experience. You already know how to give care, talk with patients, and work on a nursing team.

Formal “CNA-to-LPN bridge” programs that give you credit for your CNA course are less common. Ask each school whether your CNA counts toward admission or credit.

The NCLEX-PN exam

After finishing your program, you must pass the NCLEX-PN to get your license. In 2025, 86.6% of U.S.-educated first-time test takers passed, according to the National Council of State Boards of Nursing.

Paying for LPN school

• Ask your employer about tuition assistance. Some nursing homes and hospitals help CNAs who want to advance.
• Fill out the FAFSA. Many LPN programs at community colleges qualify for federal financial aid.
• Check your local American Job Center about WIOA training funds.
• Keep working as a CNA if you can. Part-time and evening LPN programs exist for working students.

After LPN: on to RN

Many LPNs later become registered nurses through LPN-to-RN bridge programs. Some community colleges give LPNs advanced placement into the second year of an associate degree in nursing. See our guide on going from CNA to RN.

Frequently asked questions

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